Marcelo was booked during Thursday’s resounding 3-0 win over bitter rival Argentina and is now unavailable to face Peru, having also collected a caution against Colombia in September.
Head coach Tite has called up Atletico Mineiro left back Fabio Santos as Marcelo’s replacement.
All three of the 31-year-old’s previous caps for Brazil came in 2012.
Marcelo will now begin preparations for the Madrid derby next Saturday.
